Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus both share the same first word in their name and somehow have the same symptoms. But, one must understand that these two medical conditions are not related to each other. They cause different problems and possess different treatments.
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- Diabetes mellitus is more commonly known as diabetes. It is a medical condition when the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin. The condition arises when there is no control over the excessive secretion of glucose, or sugar in the blood.
- Diabetes insipidus is a rare condition that does not undertake the situation of pancreas and glucose secretion. Instead, the medical condition happens when the kidneys start producing a lot of extra pee. Normally, kidneys filter the bloodstream about quartz or two a day.
- When you have diabetes insipidus, your kidney may filter 3 to 20 quartz of urine and that is mostly water. This dramatic loss of water from the body increases thirst.
Symptoms of Diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus
Though both of the diabetic conditions have similar symptoms, these symptoms may also vary in different conditions.
- Exhaustion: With diabetes insipidus, you may feel dehydrated and tired. It is because you are low on electrolytes such as sodium, potassium, calcium, and others. These nutrients and minerals often flushed out in the urine. If you have diabetes mellitus, you may feel tired as your blood sugar level is either too high or too low.
- Thirst: Diabetes insipidus increases thirst. You may depend on different types of fluid to quench it. While in the case of diabetes mellitus, you may feel thirsty because you take too much glucose in your blood. It may appear like you may require more water to flush out the sugar from your body.
- Blurred Vision: Long periods of dehydration can lead to blurred vision. The condition may happen in both cases of diabetes. In the case of diabetes insipidus, it is natural because the kidney filters water at a larger amount. While in the case of diabetes mellitus, this situation happens because you have a lot of glucose in your body.
How Are They Treated?
There is no cure for both diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. You can only manage the symptoms and control each of the medical conditions. If you have type 1 or type 2 diabetes, you may usually have sugar with insulin shots and other medications. You may require a healthy diet and regular form of exercise to keep your medical conditions under control. The most common thing in both these kinds of diabetes is the control of excessive weight. These conditions may lead to cholesterol, blood pressure, and other situations, if not treated timely.
The treatment for diabetes insipidus depends on the following four types of diabetes that affect the different body parts:
- Central: there is a synthetic hormone called desmopressin. It releases vasopressin in the body and manages the symptoms. It comes in the form of nasal sprays, shots, pills, etc.
- Nephrogenic: Diuretics and aspirin or ibuprofen can help manage the symptoms of this type of diabetes. In case you have nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, your doctor may check out the content of calcium and potassium in your body and their balance.
- Dipsogenic: In dipsogenic diabetes insipidus, there occur problems with your hypothalamus and pituitary gland. They create the extent of your thirst mechanism. This means that even though you are losing a lot of fluid, you are still not thirsty. Doctors may suggest ice chips or hard, or sour candy that can trigger your drinking patterns.
- Gestational: This type of diabetes insipidus happens when you are pregnant. Doctors often treat this medical condition with the use of desmopressin. Most of the time it goes away after you have your delivery.
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