For a diabetic person, the risk of heart problems is more than double the overall population, as per the AHA. Cardiac problems are the most common reason for mortality in type 2 diabetics, and cardiovascular disease is the most common reason for mortality. There are several things a person can do to reduce the risk of heart ailments. Knowing about the link between diabetes and heart disease is the initial step toward management.
Is Diabetes a Factor for Heart Disorders?
The high blood sugar level of diabetics may ultimately harm nerves and blood vessels regulating them. Body tissues characteristically utilize sugar as an energy source. Its storage occurs in the liver in the form of glycogen.
In diabetic people, sugar remains in their blood and goes out of the liver into the bloodstream. And, this subsequently harms the nerve and blood vessels regulating them. A clogged coronary artery may prevent or delay blood from delivering nutrition and oxygen to the heart. The risk of heart disease augments in a diabetic patient.
Regular blood glucose monitoring is essential to properly manage high blood sugars. It is a must to check glucose levels using a self-monitoring device as per the doctor’s guidelines. It is vital to maintain a journal of blood glucose levels.
Factors Responsible For the Increase in Heart Problems in Diabetics
High Blood Pressure
Hypertension is a common risk factor for cardiovascular issues among diabetics. The health condition puts pressure on the heart and harms the blood vessels. This increases the vulnerability of a person to a range of complications such as:
- Stroke
- Heart Attack
- Vision Problems
- Renal Diseases
If a person is both diabetic or hypertensive, he or she is two times more likely to develop cardiac problems than non-diabetics. The easiest approach to managing blood pressure is a balanced, regular exercise, and medicines as per the doctor’s instructions (if needed).
Obesity
Diabetic patients are more inclined to become obese or overweight. Both health conditions are risk factors for cardiac disorders. Obesity has a strong impact on the levels of:
- Blood glucose
- Blood pressure
- Cholesterol
Also, weight loss may lower the risk of heart problems. One of the most successful ways of weight management is discussing with a nutritionist or a dietitian to produce a healthy eating plan. Regular physical activity also is essential for maintaining a healthy weight.
Inactive Lifestyle
An inactive lifestyle may severely enhance the risk factors for heart problems like hypertension or obesity. The CDC proposes that every adult must receive a minimum of 2.5 hours of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise each week. For instance, cycling, walking or dancing.
Additionally, the CDC suggests strength-training exercises for a minimum of two times each week on non-consecutive days. Discuss with a healthcare provider to discover which exercises can be appropriate for a person’s fitness needs.
High Cholesterol
Poor management of blood fats such as cholesterol and triglycerides is common in diabetic patients. In addition, they may help to enhance the risk of cardiovascular problems. Excess of LDL or bad cholesterol and insufficient HDL or good cholesterol might result in the accumulation of fatty plaque in the blood vessels. This may produce obstructions and may cause a heart attack or stroke.
Smoking
The risk of cardiac problems is high in a diabetic and a smoker than in non-smokers. Both diabetes and smoking may produce an accumulation of plaque in the arteries. This results in arterial narrowing.
And, this may cause complications like heart attack, stroke, or foot issues. In serious cases, foot issues may even cause amputation. Thus, it is important to quit smoking. And, discuss with a doctor regarding smoking termination means that may work best for the person.
Signs of Heart Diseases
Signs can differ depending upon their severity. Few individuals may experience no signs at all. There are a few common signs:
- Fatigue
- Pressure, tension, or pain in the chest area
- Shortness of Breath
Diet
To prevent cardiac issues in a diabetic person, it is a must to follow a heart-healthy diet. This meal plan aids in decreasing a person’s BP and cholesterol. There are a few heart-healthy foods including:
- Green leafy vegetables such as spinach, lettuce
- Oats and whole grains
- Nuts like almonds, pecans
Also, diabetics must check the consumption of sugar, salt, saturated and trans-fat. It is a must to choose low-fat alternatives available in grocery stores.
Statistics
Death because of heart problems is 70% more in diabetic adults in comparison to non-diabetics as per the CDC. Nearly 32% of type 2 diabetics have cardiovascular problems, as per a study.
At least 68% of diabetics with ages 65 and above would die due to some form of heart disease, as per the AHA. Individuals below 65 years with diabetes also experience a greater risk of:
- Stroke
- Heart attack
- Renal issues
A diabetic person experiencing heart problem signs like pain or pressure in the chest, or a breathing issue, must visit a doctor immediately. They might suggest lifestyle modifications and a balanced diet. Also, they may recommend some medicines. As these suggestions may save your life.
It is easy to manage diabetes and maintain controlled levels. It is a must to go for regular follow-ups with the concerned diabetologist. These assessments are important for a timely diagnosis. The sooner the diagnosis, the lesser will be severe complications.
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